VARIETIES OF FORMS OF FINE CERAMIC POTTERIES OF UKRAINE IN THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURIES

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to reveal the form-making, compositional and artistic-figurative features of ternyi (bowls for soup and second courses) in Ukrainian porcelain-faience art of the 19th – early 20th centuries. Considerable attention is paid to the range of forms, the specificity of decorating such objects of domestic fine ceramics with plot and ornamental painting. The emphasis is on the related features of the products of individual productions of the Kyiv region, Volyn, Galicia, Slobozhanshchyna of the outlined period, taking into account certain common form-making and technological achievements, traditions of decorating products with floral motifs, printing. The main idea of the study is to compare three-part (with podium) and two-part (bowl + lid) varieties of forms from the terni of Korets, Baranivka (present-day Zhytomyr region), Mezhyhirya (Kyiv region) with the products of Hlynsk (in Lviv region) and Bud (Kharkiv region). The research toolkit is based on a set of principles, approaches and methods. Thus, the principle of scientific comprehensiveness, art historical and design approaches, axiological, ontological, prosopographic, comparative, cross-cultural, cultural, typological and art historical analysis methods were used. Among the important tasks of the study, the need to summarize information on individual forms of vases for soup and second courses of the classical period of the development of domestic porcelain-faience for their comparison was emphasized; to consider the varieties of decoration of products with various types of decoration, the design of works and technological aspects of production. To reveal the artistic culture of the formation of the specified centers of porcelain-faience, data from prosopographic sources found in the archives of Kyiv and Kharkiv are presented (Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv, Central State Archive-Museum of Literature and Art of Ukraine, State Archive of Kharkiv Region). The sources of inspiration for some form-making solutions of various enterprises related to the creative activities of a cohort of masters who came from Korets to Mezhyhirya, Baranivka, Gorodnytsia, Dybyntsi and influenced certain plastic solutions of Volyn, Kyiv region, Galicia and became a source of inspiration for fine ceramics production in other regions of ethnic Ukraine.